Interpretation of 32 Names of Mother Durga
श्रीदुर्गा-द्वात्रिंश-नाममाला
śrīdurgā-dvātriṃśa-nāmamālā
Mother Durgā is the goddess of wisdom, protection, and glory. She blesses the devotees with the wisdom of Maheshvari and the protective strength of the Mahakali. Difficult to understand her ways and attain her Grace. Thus she is called Durgā — the one difficult to attain.
In this short article, the thirty-two names of Mother Durgā are explained with their etymological meanings. Understanding the inner significance of these names is necessary for holding her in thought and meditation while reciting the names.
Before attempting to comprehend the 32 names of the all-encompassing Mother Goddess we must understand the word ‘ durga’. It refers to that which is difficult (duh) to attain or reach (ga). Without practicing selfless bhakti, cleanliness, routine, and ritual it is not possible to have the Grace of the goddess. It also means that all that must be practiced to receive her Grace is also difficult durgama.
We understand through the 32 names below that just anyone cannot be blessed with boons and blessings by Mother Durgā . They must be earned with tapas. Only a true sādhaka with pure heart and mind can attain her blessings and have her darshan. She is the terrific destroyer of all that is evil in the physical and other worlds. Let’s learn the meaning of the thirty-names with their inner significances.
Here are the meanings of the Thirty-two names:
- दुर्गा durgā
The divine mother who is invincible and unassailable. The goddess whose blessings can be received with much rigorous sādhanā.
2. दुर्गार्तिशमनी durgārtiśamanī
The one who brings an end to anything that brings painful difficulties to us.
3. दुर्गापद्विनिवारिणी durgāpadvinivāriṇī
The one who dispels all ‘ āpadā ‘ that is danger and problems; the mother Goddess who is the dispeller of adversities. She gives absolute protection to her sincere devotees and saves them from all known or unknown dangers.
4. दुर्गमच्छेदिनी durgamacchedinī
Mother Durga one who cleaves off all kinds of physical and spiritual challenges obstructing the path of her true devotees.
5. दुर्गसाधिनी durgasādhinī
The one who gets all difficult things accomplished for her sādhaka.
6. दुर्गनाशिनी durganāśinī
She, who destroys the ‘durga’ or forts that confine us mentally or metaphorically and liberates us from all bondages and limitations.
7. दुर्गतोद्धारिणी durgatoddhāriṇī
The magnanimous one who delivers her sādhaka from all formidable difficulties.
8. दुर्गनिहन्त्री durganihantrī
The one who destroys all terrible components troubling her devotees.
9. दुर्गमापहा durgamāpahā
The one who dispels all durgama-s or difficulties, miseries, afflictions, sufferings etc.
10. दुर्गमज्ञानदा durgamajñānadā
The one who imparts the jñāna or knowledge which is not easily attainable.
11. दुर्गदैत्यलोकदवानला durgadaityalokadavānalā
The one who, like a terrible forest fire, destroys the world of the divisive forces.
12. दुर्गमा durgamā
The one whose domain is not easy to enter.
13. दुर्गमालोका durgamālokā
The one who brings to the fore, all that is unknown and is hidden and difficult to attain. The mother who illuminates our mind and senses by bringing forth concealed knowledge.
14. दुर्गमात्मस्वरुपिणी durgamātmasvarūpiṇī
She who is embodiment of the self that cannot be realised easily, like atma-jñāna. She is ātma-jñāna herself.
15. दुर्गमार्गप्रदा durgamārgapradā
The one who gives guidance and who handholds her devotees in the difficult path he treads.
16. दुर्गमविद्या durgamavidyā
She herself is the knowledge difficult to attain. She is the most subtle, most sublime knowledge. She is the source of all vidya and art forms.
17. दुर्गमाश्रिता durgamāśritā
She is the one whose support is not easy to receive. It must be earned with strict and devotional austerity.
18. दुर्गमज्ञानसंस्थाना durgamajñānasaṃsthānā
The one who is the source and foundation of all knowledge that is unattainable. She who is the bearer and dispenser of the highest, supreme and sacred knowledge.
19. दुर्गमध्यानभासिनी durgamadhyānabhāsinī
( bhās means to appear/shine). The one who appears in dhyāna (meditation).
We cannot manifest the Mother Goddess through ordinary meditation. Only those who can perform intense dhyāna along with purity of thought and action can earn the blessing of the Divine Mother appearing in and illuminating in meditation.
20. दुर्गमोहा durgamohā
(moha means delusion) When the Divine Mother used māyā and moha on the demon Mahishasura, he could not comprehend what hit him. He was confused, disoriented and destroyed.
Durgamohā is the one who is unfathomable and incomprehensible. She is enigmatic. Only a sādhaka with complete awareness can do so.
21. दुर्गमगा durgamagā
She is the one who can make the unattainable, attainable.
22. दुर्गमार्थस्वरुपिणी durgamārthasvarūpiṇī
Mother Durga, the one who holds in her artha, the meaning the purpose of all that one finds incomprehensible.
23. दुर्गमासुरसंहन्त्री durgamāsurasaṃhantrī
All adverse forces that can destroy one at an individual or collective level can be destroyed by her. She who is the annihilator of asuric (negative) and adverse forces which are unassailable.
24. दुर्गमायुधधारिणी durgamāyudhadhāriṇī
She who is the bearer of the most powerful weapons which cannot be handled by others.
25. दुर्गमाङ्गी durgamāṅgī
She, whose form is complex and indiscernible.
26. दुर्गमता durgamatā
(durgama = difficult). She who is the epitome of all difficulties as she has power to bring them under control.
27. दुर्गम्या durgamyā
The one who is not easily attainable or understood.
28. दुर्गमेश्वरी durgameśvarī
She who is the ruler, the controller, the master, the īśvarī— of all difficult situations. She rules over all impossible situations and has the power to keep them under control or destroy them completely.
29. दुर्गभीमा durgabhīmā
(bhīmā= terrible) She, the one who is terrifying to all those who create complications and obstacles.
30. दुर्गभामा durgabhāmā
(bhāmā= shining) She who shines or appears when there are obstacles (as her devotees need her then).
31. दुर्गभा durgabhā
She who illuminates and radiates as she annihilates negative forces.
32. दुर्गदारिणी durgadāriṇī
Mother Durga is the one who slices and slashes all obstacles and hindrances and shatters them.
दुर्गा दुर्गार्तिशमनी दुर्गापद्विनिवारिणी।
दुर्गमच्छेदिनी दुर्गसाधिनी दुर्गनाशिनी॥
दुर्गतोद्धारिणी दुर्गनिहन्त्री दुर्गमापहा।
दुर्गमज्ञानदा दुर्गदैत्यलोकदवानला॥
दुर्गमा दुर्गमालोका दुर्गमात्मस्वरुपिणी।
दुर्गमार्गप्रदा दुर्गमविद्या दुर्गमाश्रिता॥
दुर्गमज्ञानसंस्थाना दुर्गमध्यानभासिनी।
दुर्गमोहा दुर्गमगा दुर्गमार्थस्वरुपिणी॥
दुर्गमासुरसंहन्त्री दुर्गमायुधधारिणी।
दुर्गमाङ्गी दुर्गमता दुर्गम्या दुर्गमेश्वरी॥
दुर्गभीमा दुर्गभामा दुर्गभा दुर्गदारिणी।
नामावलिमिमां यस्तु दुर्गाया मम मानवः।
पठेत् सर्वभयान्मुक्तो भविष्यति न संशयः॥
॥इति दुर्गा-द्वात्रिंशन्नाम-माला समाप्ता॥
durgā durgārtiśamanī durgāpadvinivāriṇī।
durgamacchedinī durgasādhinī durganāśinī॥
durgatoddhāriṇī durgānihatry durgamāpahā।
durgamajñānadā durgadaityalokadavānalā॥
durgamā durgamālokā durgamātmasvarūpiṇī।
durgamārgapradā durgamavidyā durgamāśritā॥
durgamajñānasaṁsthānā durgamadhyānabhāsinī।
durgamohā durgamagā durgamārthasvarūpiṇī॥
durgamāsurasanhantrī durgamāyudhadhāriṇī।
durgamāṅgī durgamatā durgamyā durgameśvarī॥
durgabhīmā durgabhāmā durgabhā durgadāriṇī।
nāmāvalimimāṁ yastu durgāyā mama mānavaḥ।
pathet sarvabhayānmukto bhaviṣyati na saṁśayaḥ॥
||iti durgā-dvātriṁśannāma-mālā samāptā||
Image source: Mother Durga puja celebration at Batirgram village, Baromoni, Silchar, Assam.
Republished from sampadanandamishra.medium.com with due permission from the author.
Sampadananda Mishra
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